Calcium assay

• Format
  Liquid
• Assay Range
  1.29 - 28.6 mg/dl
• Working Stability 15-25 °C
  3 days
• Working Stability 2-8 °C
  7 days
• Material Safety Data Sheets
  

Intended Use

For the quantitative in vitro determination of Calcium in serum, plasma and urine. This product is suitable for both automated and manual use.


Clinical Significance

Calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the body. Most of the calcium in the human adult is extracellular and 99% of it exists as crystalline hydroxyapatite in bones and teeth where it confers rigidity. Calcium exists in the serum in three forms: protein-bound (45%); ionised (45%) and 10% is complexed with small diffusable ligands such as citrate, lactate, phosphate and bicarbonate.

It plays a major role in the mechanisms of nerve impulse transmission, muscular contraction and blood coagulation. Calcium is also involved in regulating the activity of adenylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase through reversible combination with calmodulin. Secretion from the parathyroid glands, thyroid C cells and pancreatic B cells is controlled by the extracellular ionised calcium concentration at the cell surface.

Calcium levels in the blood are useful in monitoring and diagnosing several conditions relating to the bones, heart, nerves and kidneys. Elevated levels of serum calcium (hypercalcaemia) are usually caused by hyperparathyroidism and cancer especially if the cancer has spread to the bones. Elevated levels are also seen in kidney transplant patients, in cases of vitamin D overdose, tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism and are of diagnostic value in detecting chronic renal disease and acute pancreatic disease.

Low levels of serum calcium (hypocalcaemia) are associated with hypoparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, low protein levels, magnesium deficiency, bone disease, alcoholism, malnutrition and renal failure.


Principle

O-Cresolphthalein complexone, without deproteinization method. Calcium ions form a violet complex with O-Cresolphthalein complexone in an alkaline medium.

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